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Jazz was born in
1. Africa
2. Europe
3. New Orleans
4. New York
5. Chicago
Jazz was born about
1. 400 years ago
2. 300 years ago
3. 200 years ago
4. 100 years ago
5. 50 years ago
Jazz’s roots can be found in the musical traditions of
1. Africa
2. Europe
3. Africa and Europe
4. Asia
5. Africa and Asia
From Africa, jazz got its
1. rhythm and “feel”
2. “blues” quality
3. sensibility of playing an instrument in one’s own personal, expressive way (i.e., as an extension of the human voice)
4. sensibility of improvising the music
5. all of the above
From Europe, jazz got
1. its harmony, i.e., the chords used in jazz
2. most of its instruments (e.g., piano, saxophone, trumpet, etc.)
3. sensibility of improvising the music
4. A and B
5. A, B, and C
New Orleans was the ideal city for the various elements leading to the creation of jazz to come together because it was
1. a seaport city with people arriving from around the world
2. a meeting place for people of different ethnic groups
3. a city with a nightlife in which diverse musicians had the opportunity to play together, learn from each other, and share their respective musical heritages
4. all of the above
5. none of the above
Jazz was born out of and evolved through the
1. African American experience in Africa
2. African American experience in the US
3. African American experience in Europe
4. European American experience in New Orleans
5. European American experience in New York
Jazz evolved from
1. slave work songs and spirituals
2. bebop
3. ragtime
4. A and C
5. B and C
Jazz’s originators and most important innovators were primarily
1. Native Americans
2. Appalachian farmers
3. members of the clergy (preachers, ministers, priests, etc.)
4. African Americans
5. European Americans
The most important jazz originator and first great jazz soloist (improviser) was
1. Duke Ellington
2. Charlie (‘Bird”) Parker
3. Louis Armstrong
4. Thelonious Monk
5. Jelly Roll Morton
Jazz is music
1. of the past
2. of the present with little regard to how people used to play it
3. that is always evolving, incorporating what came before with what’s coming next
4. that has remained the same over time
5. that has changed styles without regard to what has come before
Today, jazz includes musical elements and styles from
1. America only
2. Africa and Europe
3. North America
4. South America
5. all over the world
Ragtime
1. is a style of jazz in which everyone in the band solos one at a time
2. is a style of jazz in which everyone in the band solos at the same time
3. is primarily a solo piano style
4. is the direct precursor of (i.e., coming just before) jazz
5. C and D
Ragtime originated
1. in the late 17th and early 18th centuries
2. in the mid 18th century
3. in the late 18th and early 19th centuries
4. in the mid 19th century
5. in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
In ragtime piano music,
1. the left and right band both play in unison
2. the left and right hand both play chords
3. the left hand plays a steady beat (like a march) while the right hand plays syncopated melodies
4. the left hand plays syncopated melodies while the right hand plays a steady beat (like a march)
5. the left hand comps while the right hand solos
Ragtime’s most important and most famous composer/player was
1. Duke Ellington
2. Scott Joplin
3. Dave Brubeck
4. Buddy Bolden
5. Thelonious Monk
Ragtime’s first recordings were on
1. 78s
2. LPs
3. piano rolls
4. CDs
5. MP3s
Piano rolls were
1. devices for moving pianos
2. early piano sheet music, i.e., the direct precursor of sheet music
3. rolls of thick paper that had holes (i.e., perforations) punched in them that when spun through a “player piano” (by way of someone pumping foot pedals) the instrument would mechanically play the notes indicated by the perforations (different songs had different patterns of perforations)
4. early movie roles played by actors who portrayed famous pianists
5. a type of croissant originating is New Orleans
Ragtime’s European roots can be found in
1. the piano itself, i.e., the piano is a European instrument
2. its chords and chord progressions
3. its right-hand syncopated melodies comprised from complex polyrhythms
4. all of the above
5. A and B
Ragtime reflected
1. both conservatism and liberalism
2. conservatism only
3. liberalism only
4. Jim Crowism
5. Ragism
The state of Louisiana was purchased by the US in _________ and became a state in _________.
1. 1776, 1777
2. 1776, 1780
3. 1803, 1812
4. 1860, 1865
5. 1873, 1900
The city of New Orleans was founded in
1. 1492
2. 1718
3. 1777
4. 1865
5. 1900
New Orleans is located
1. near the point where the Mississippi River spills into the Gulf of Mexico
2. in the southern United States
3. in the state of Louisiana
4. southeast of Baton Rouge
5. all of the above
Jim Crow was
1. the first great ragtime pianist
2. the first great jazz trumpeter
3. the first mayor of New Orleans
4. a system of racial segregation which served to separate the races, placing African Americans into a category in which they would receive inferior and unfair treatment
5. the first slave to be freed in New Orleans
Scott Joplin and Sidney Bechet played, respectively,
1. piano and tenor saxophone
2. piano and alto saxophone
3. alto saxophone and tenor saxophone
4. piano and soprano saxophone
5. soprano saxophone and piano

Fill in the blank with the correct answer

Jazz was born in the city of _______________________________.
Jazz was born about _____________ years ago.
Jazz’s earliest roots can be found in the musical traditions from the continents of _________________ and ________________.
From Africa, jazz got its rhythm and “feel,” blues quality, sensibility of playing an instrument in your own expressive way, and perhaps the most important element in jazz: ______________________.
From Europe, jazz got its harmony, most of its common instruments, and perhaps the most important element in jazz: _______________________.
The most important jazz originator and first great jazz soloist (improviser) was trumpet player __________________________.
Ragtime is primarily a ______________style.
Ragtime originated in the late ______ and early ______ centuries.
In ragtime piano music, the left hand plays __________________ __________________ while the right hand plays _______________________________________.
Ragtime’s most important composer/musician _________________.
Since ragtime was conceived and developed before records were invented, it was “recorded” on ___________________________ that could mechanically be played on __________________________.
Ragtime songs are known as _______________.
New Orleans is located near the point where the _______________________ River spills into the ____________ of Mexico.
New Orleans was founded in the year ____________.
From 1699 to 1763, Louisiana was under what country’s rule? ______________.
From 1763 to 1803, Louisiana was under what country’s rule? ______________.
The name Jim ____________ personified the system of government-sanctioned racial oppression and segregation in the US.
Scott Joplin’s most popular composition is entitled _____________________________________________.
Scott Joplin’s primary instrument was the ___________________.
Sidney Bechet’s primary instrument was the ________________________________.
Jazz has gone from being America’s music to being _________________________ music.
In the 1700s, the population of New Orleans was comprised primarily of three groups: Europeans, slaves, and _______________: a mixed-race community who were French-speaking “free people of color.”
In 2005, New Orleans was nearly destroyed by Hurricane __________________.
New Orleans’ nicknames include the "Crescent City," the “City that Care Forgot," and the _________________".
New Orleans’ unofficial motto is "Laissez les bons temps rouler," meaning _________________________.

Write a one to two page answer.
Essay Question #1
Discuss the origins of jazz, including its musical roots, geographical locations, and key figures.

Essay question #2
What is ragtime? Discuss its cultural implication and why it was so important to the origin of jazz? Who was its most important composer/musician?

Essay question #3
Provide a brief overview of the history of New Orleans. Why was it the ideal locale to become the birthplace of jazz?

Essay question #4
Explain the differences between emancipation and manumission. What is Jim Crow?

Essay question #5
Who was Scott Joplin? What were his primary contributions to the history of jazz?

Please answer true or false to the following questions.

1.	Jazz was born in the city of New York.	T	F
2.	Jazz was born about 200 years ago.	T	F
3.	Jazz’s roots can be found in the musical traditions of Africa and Europe	T	F
4.	Jazz’s polyrhythms, “feel,” and “blues” quality originated in Africa.	T	F
5.	Most of the instruments and harmony (chords and chord progressions) found in jazz originated in Europe.	T	F
6.	The sensibility of musical improvisation came from Africa, not Europe.	T	F
7.	Bach, Mozart, and Beethoven were strictly composers, i.e., not improvisers.	T	F
8.	New Orleans was a logical location for jazz to be born as it was a seaport city, multi-ethnic city, and “party” city which included a nightlife with live music, allowing musicians of different cultural backgrounds to play together learn from one another, and blend their musical ideas.	T	F
9.	Jazz was born out of and evolved through the African American experience in the US.	T	F
10.	Jazz evolved from slave work songs and spirituals.	T	F
11.	The most important jazz originator and first great jazz soloist (improviser) was trumpet player Louis Armstrong.	T	F
12.	Jazz is forever evolving, incorporating what came before with what’s coming next.	T	F
13.	Today, jazz is listened to and performed primarily by African Americans.	T	F
14.	Ragtime is primarily a solo trumpet style invented by Louis Armstrong.	T	F
15.	In ragtime piano music, the right hand plays a steady, march-like succession of alternating bass notes and chords in a steady “oom-pah, oom-pah, oom-pah, oom-pah” fashion while the left hand plays syncopated melodies.	T	F
16.	Ragtime is not jazz, but the immediate precursor of jazz (i.e., the style of music coming directly before and leading directly to jazz).	T	F
17.	Ragtime was conceived and developed before records were invented, however, it was “recorded” on piano rolls.	T	F
18.	Piano rolls were the precursor of sheet music.	T	F
19.	Piano rolls were played mechanically on instruments know as “player pianos.”	T	F
20.	Scott Joplin was best known for being one of the first great ragtime pianists and composers.	T	F
21.	The U.S. Congress admitted Louisiana to the Union in 1812; it was the first of 13 states created from the 1803 Louisiana Purchase.	T	F
22.	Jim Crow was the term used to describe the fair and equal treatment given to freed slaves in New Orleans after the Civil War.	T	F
23.	New Orleans is located in the state of Louisiana.	T	F
24.	New Orleans is known as the Big Easy due, in part, to the relative ease of early jazz musicians finding work in the city and the perceived laid-back, "easy" lifestyle of jazz musicians.	T	F
25.	New Orleans was nearly destroyed by Hurricane Andrew and subsequent flooding in 2005 and is currently being rebuilt.	T	F

Match the words in the columns correctly.

1. the Big Easy; the Crescent City	A. one foot in the past, one in the future	1. _____
2. jazz rhythm, feel, and blues quality came from...	B. Let the good times roll	2. _____
3. "separate but equal" 1896 Supreme Court decision	C. manumission	3. _____
4. jazz instruments and chords (harmony) came from...	D. ragtime left hand	4. _____
5. jazz's musical roots	E. "The Entertainer"	5. _____
6. jazz musicians have...	F. "Workingman Blues"	6. _____
7. founded New Orleans in 1718	G. Europeans, free blacks, and slaves	7. _____
8. solo piano style; precursor of jazz	H. slave work songs and spirituals	8. _____
9. steady bass-chord, bass-chord pattern	I. soprano saxophonist	9. _____
10. syncopated melodies	J. unfair racial segregation	10. _____
11. Louisiana Purchase	K. Africa	11. _____
12. piano roll	L. Plessy v. Ferguson	12. _____
13. famous rag	M. classical music composer and improviser	13. _____
14. mixed-race, French-speaking "free person of color"	N. Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico	14. _____
15. release from slavery by owner	O. ragtime right hand	15. _____
16. 1700s New Orleans population	P. first great jazz soloist	16. _____
17. Laissez les bons temps rouler	Q. 13 states	17. _____
18. early Louis Armstrong recording	R. Ragtime	18. _____
19. New Orleans location	S. France	19. _____
20. Katrina	T. New Orleans	20. _____
21. Jim Crow	U. player piano	21. _____
22. Sidney Bichet	V. Creole	22. _____
23. Scott Joplin	W. Europe	23. _____
24. Mozart	X. ragtime's most important composer/musician	24. _____
25. Louis Armstrong	Y. nearly destroyed New Orleans	25. _____